Importance Of Oil And How It Has Changed World Politics Essay

In the modern civilisation, anoint has big signifi jackpotce. However, many people do not consider inunct to be of great signifi leavece because they only associate it with the diesel or the petrol that they use for transferee purposes. fit to Yergin (Yergin, p 17), the populace is addicted to vegetable vegetable rock anele. Due to the vegetable vegetable crudes important role in every last(predicate) countries on the whole everyplace the arena especially in the industrialized nations, there is use up for countries to fix concern to the international anoint industry.The snapper eastern hemisphere dissolutions a major role in world political sympathies in relation to inunct. Majority of the world anele militia are found in the Middle East and according to the British Petroleum company data, the Gulf oil reserves in 2005 accounted for 62 per penny .Of the world total oil reserves of 1,200bn barrels, Gulf reserves accounted for 743bn barrels. In this pape r, the importance of oil will be discussed and an evaluation on how oil has changed the world government activity will be given. interchangeImportance of oil wiz of the most important roles of oil is its contribution to the global economic development. One of the ways by which oil leads to economic development is its use in providing aptitude for various forms of transport such as planes, vehicles and trains. The modern civilization is built on oil. In almost all countries all over the world, the transport system accounts for more than than 50 per cent of oil consumption.The transport sector ascribable to its naughty dependence on oil is estimated to contribute to the worlds 90 per cent increase in carbon emissions in EU by 2010. Development and technological cash advance increases the demand for oil in the transport sector. According to Chomat (Chomat, p 10) depends heavily in oil.Engdahl (Engdahl, p 23) asserts that in Europe and the get together States, oil and oil- tak e ind products in the transport industry account for about one third of the total tot of energy consumed in the world. In India, china, and other developing nations in Asia, the economic prosperity and technological advancement has led to an increase in demand for oil in the transport sector as more trains, vehicles, and planes are being produced. In the States, the enormous fleet of vehicles, trains, and planes depend on oil for 97 per cent for fuel. For countries that know oil reserves, oil that is used in the transport industry is much cheaper.Research conducted on the elements of the organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) indicated that the transport sector accounts for an increase in demand for oil. Due to the high demand for oil, world oil prices keep on increasing, making bio-fuel, solar energy and nuclear energy to shape alternative sources of energy.Apart from being used as fuel in the transport sector, oil provides energy in the operation of mach ines in the industries, factories, and fruit plants. Kenneth (Kenneth, p 36) asserts that in the industrial and domestic buildings, oil is used for heating hence making oil one of the most commonly used products at home and in industries.In the industrial sector, graphic bodge produced from oil has become a aboriginal energy source. This sector has maintained the lead in the consumption of inborn gas and it is estimated that by 2030, the industrial sector will account for 43 per cent of the projected use of natural gas. The gas has become an attractive choice for the post generating plants cod to its low carbon dioxide intensity as well as its relative fuel efficiency. It is projected that by 2030, 35 per cent of worlds consumption of natural gas will be accounted for by the electricity generation plants.The developing countries consume half of the worlds production of kerosene which is used for lighting and for cooking. In the developed nations such as the united States and the European nations, kerosene is used as jet fuel.Industries and factories that produce plastics and paints use oil as a raw material. Industries in the modern economies rely heavily on oil to produce commodities and natural gas which is produced from oil fields is a major raw material in fertilizer production. Examples of nations that produce fertilizers from natural gas are Saudi-Arabian-Arabian Arabia which is currently one of the worlds largest oil producers. Yergin (Yergin, p 12) asserts that oil is very important in the production of food all over the world because it supports agricultural production activities. oil color that is derived from petroleum is used for heating, powering the combustion engines, and lighting. When it comes to heating purposes, the high boiling point of the oil is earnest for cooling systems and the non-polarity quality of oil makes it very significant for lubrication for various engineering purposes.This is one debate wherefore oil is very impor tant in industries where machines are used for production. The high demand for paints has been increasing over the years as modernization result to construction of buildings in urban and rural areas. Since the 15th century, oil has been used in paint production because color pigments in paints can be suspended in oil. As industries grow while others are newly makeed, demand for oil will continue to increase.How oil has changed world politicsThe use of oil in all aspects of life in the modern civilization demands that countries slang easy access to the resource. In addition, accessing oil at a cheaper price has become a critical factor for countries. The desire by nations to attain economic prosperity and financial independence influences the diplomatic and economic dealings among nations. A good example of how oil has shaped the world politics is the traffichip between the West and Middle East. Currently, Middle East region accounts for the largest world oil production. Saudi Arabia which exports oil has established diplomatic ties with the US and European nations.This influences the political relations between the nations. Before oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia, Britain had political influence in the region. When the kingdom of Saudi Arabia was established, King Abdul Aziz efforts to give concession to either a Britain or the Statesn companies to drill oil has changed the political relations between the West and Middle East. The American Standard Oil of California which won the concession make America have control over rich oil fields in the Kingdom at the mischief of the British who were competing with America for concession. Aaron (Aaron, p 21) states that since then, the political relations between the join States and Saudi Arabia have been good.The great economic benefits that oil brought to Saudi Arabia led to good diplomatic relations between the kingdom and the United States. Although the US had earlier shown little interest in Middle East p olitical matters due to its isolationist policies, its relations with Saudi Arabia has make the US to be greatly involved in political matters in the region.Saudi Arabia has become an ally of the United States as it pursues its political interest in Middle East. For example, due to the diplomatic relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United States since the 1930s, Saudi Arabia supported the Allies during the ball War I. King Abdulaziz who is the founder of the Kingdom during the war allowed the United States aircraft to fly over the Kingdoms territory. This was vital for the US and allied nations.In addition, the good relations between America and Saudi Arabia assisted the US to deploy its troops during the cold war. The US through its troops in Saudi Arabia helped it to digest the Soviet Union and eventually, the United States managed to gain political influence in the Gulf region at the expense of Britain. The Saudi oil reserves have for a vast time given Americ a security in relation to oil. This has enabled the US maintain its political influence as a superpower. by the diplomatic ties between Saudi Arabia and the United States, America has managed to influence the political agenda of nations such as Russia. Just like the United States, Saudi Arabia does not support communism that is promoted by the Soviet Union.For nations to procure economic prosperity, oil is a very critical commodity. Matthew (Matthew, p 52) states that competition for economic and political power between nations has resulted to competition for oil. For the nations, the security of oil supplies has become an issue of concern which has in turn do the major oil producing countries which are members to the OPEC play a critical role in the security of oil supplies.It is estimated that 40 percent of oil demand in the world is met by oil supplies from OPEC countries because the countries account for 75 percent of world oil reserves. This has compelled oil exporting natio ns to develop good relations with the oil producing countries. The need to ensure that in future a country will have security of oil supplies has made countries to compete for the available oil resources. This has led to political conflicts as nations compete for the oil reserves.Furthermore, the oil affair has become an important issue in world politics. The efforts to take control of the oil trade have influenced the development of policies which have had influence on the political issues. As nations quest for oil, the political interests of the countries which export oil aim at obtaining adequate and cheap oil.The World War II had a great carry on on political relations between nations that belonged to the Allies and the axis alliances. The war encouraged diplomatic relations between nations while it increased hostility between others. According to Miller (Miller, p, 13), the Allied forces during the war accept the importance of oil in the war hence it tried to drain the Axis oil reserves.The Oil Campaign of World War II had Allied forces bomb the oil facilities that supplied the Nazi Germany with oil. The Allies and the Axis got involved into a military conflict due to differences in political ideology and need to have power. One of the factors that currently guarantee a nations of its power over other nations is oil security. To maintain power and oil security, the Allied nations formed the United Nations which up to date allows the nations to promote the acquisition of their political agenda.The relations between United States, Europe and Central Asian nations which have oil reserves have influenced politics in these nations. For instance, one of the Central Asian nations that have oil reserves that the US is interested is Kazakhastan.The oil politics in Central Asia (Oil Politics in Central Asia, 2009) indicate that for the US to access Kazakhstans oil through pipeline, the pipeline would need to go through Afghanistan.This is considered to be the reason why the US is determined to end the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. The US War on threat promotes the US war in Afghanistan which has triggered political debates and shaped political relations all over world .Another issue that Wright (Wright, p 18) points out about the US political interest in Middle East is that the US invasion in Iraq was influenced by Americas quest for oil.Various national oil companies compete for the strategic oil resources. For example, development in Asian nations such as Japan and China has made the competition for the oil between oil companies to be stiff. The companies have been experiencing increased competition for oil in Eurasia and Middle East .In the past, the Chinese Sinopec and ENPC, Indias IOC and Russias Lukiol have been competing for oil resources in Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. The oil deals made between the national oil companies and oil producing countries has encouraged good diplomatic relations between nations. Consequently, this m akes the nations promote political agenda that does not affect the business deals.The need to benefit from the oil industry has encouraged trade alliances and agreements between nations. By forming drapement alliances, national oil companies from different nations can end political hostility between nations. On the other hand, political hostility between nations can result from the reluctance of nations to get engaged in oil trade deals. For example, Russian oil companies in the past have been reluctant to establish alliances with Chinese and Western nations oil companies.This reluctance has continued play a role in the political relation between Russia and the nations it considers to be a threat. Roger (Roger, p 52) confirms that when nations establish trade deals that aim at ensuring that a country has access to adequate oil, good relations makes the countries offer each other political support when the need to do so arises. Due to the benefits the country derive from each other, the countries tend to support similar political interests. For instance, a nation offers its political support to some other country to guard itself from economic loss if the country it depends on for oil has its oil reserves affected.The establishment of Oil Exporting Countries (OPEC) for example has its member countries protect each others political agenda as long as it is for the good interest of the organization. The mission of this intergovernmental organization is to ensure stability of oil markets, unify the member countries petroleum policies and ensuring regular supply of petroleum in the market.In addition, the organization commitment to ensure that those who invest in the petroleum industry get financial returns and that oil producers get a steady income has made it necessary for its members to support political agenda that benefits the member states. The member states which include United Arab Emirates, Ecuador, Algeria, Angola, Libya, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, I raq, Nigeria and Iran through oil have managed influence global oil prices. The internal politics of these nations affect the OPEC production quotas which in turn influence political interests of other nations which export oil.