Comparing British Welfare Systems with 2 Other Countries

A 2000 word comparative review of the ways divergent countries approach welfargon, as dealed on the unit. The aim of this essay is to discuss and comp atomic number 18 the British Welfare system with Germany and Swedens well-being systems. A welfare system is the structure of welfare provisions and services that provide a specific social need, only when it is not only provided or organised solely by the government (Blakemore, 2001). It is a view that is rooted in person exchanges between five organisations (State/Government, Market/Private Sector, Family/Kin networks, Local Communities and Civil Society).It reflects the history and cultures of different countries around the world (Haralambos, 2012). It is these providers that assume principal responsibilities of how welfare systems are organised and how they are worked for the welfare of its nation in matters of wellness care, education, employment, and social security system (Haralambos & Holborn, 2012b). The essay will focus on Adult Disability returnss and define which of the main provider delivers stultification benefits for the short- status and long experimental condition unemployed.The essay will also describe how they work and what patterns of provision is provided for the disabled. Then comparisons will be made on how the British welfare approaches on balk payments are provided and how they work, and I will examine the differences and similarities to each countries welfare system. The structure of the essay is base on a comparative method systematically designed for equivalences, similarities and shared common features. According to (Landman, 2004) the selection process involves two main types of research designs.Comparing different results across similar countries is known as most similar systems and comparing similar outcomes across different countries known as most different systems. every way using similarities and differences of different countries is meant to uncover what is common to each country (Landman, 2004, p28). The methodology approach is to select a small N (a few countries) and purpose the trine method of involving three countries (Lewis, 2012). The method identified common features of the British welfare state with that of Germany and Sweden.Classification is a way of grouping common features which are interchangeable with other countries (Lewis, 2012). All 3 countries have a welfare system for those who have full or permanent disabilities. In order for things to be like they have to share certain features like welfare systems and have common features, called equivalences. Most countries have common features such as institutions, policies and services without these common features a comparison cannot be made. The essay will draw on an implicit approach rather than explicit because it is the British welfare system that comparisons are beingness made.All countries provide certain benefits for those who have full and permanent disabilities but they differ in the types of benefits they provide. Studies reviewed showed that virtually countries have changed part or the entire financial meat of short-term benefits from governments onto employers and private organisations. Disability benefits are provided by the state or local governments by all three countries however, in the UK only short term benefits are provided but in Germany and Sweden both short term and time limited benefits are provided for the disabled (Mitra, 2009). In the United Kingdom, the disability employment stray has been at 40% (Huang et al, 2009, p. 46). The Liberal state of the United Kingdom faced major crisis of social and economic modernisation at the end of the Second globe War. It was David Lloyd George and Winston Churchill who led the drive for what became the National redress Act of 1911, which brought in disability insurance. In fact, the reconstruction of welfare in the UK involved a set of birth between the state, the market and the family (C larke & Logan, 1993).The Disability and Carers Service, which is part of the Department of Work & Pension (DWP) has the responsibility of providing benefits for populate on benefits such as DLA. DLA is a tax- kick benefit to booster with extra costs you may have because yourre disabled, this is given to all claimants whether they are working or not (Directgov). Some people who impart a claim for DLA may be asked to have a medical examination. Working tax credits was introduced in 2003 along with disability element to help people stay in work or to return to work (Mitra, 2009).Then the 2005 Disability Discrimination Act came into force (Haralambos & Holborn, 2009). (Burchardt, 2000) cited that check to the European Commission (1998), people with disabilities have low levels of participation in society and the employment rate for people with disabilities is 20-30% lower than people without disabilities (Huang, 2009). From 2013 Disability Living Allowance for disabled people aged 1 6 to 64 will be re laid by a new Personal Independence Payment programme (Directgov).This is a non-means tested, tax free benefit. The DWP is to run a pilot scheme to help assist and reintroduce claimants back into the job market (Mitra, 2009), this will lead to employers paying short term benefits rather than the state. In Sweden it is the Local government responsibility for welfare services. It was from the 13th century that the first local command was seen as the responsibility of the local parish to pack care of the poor (Bergmark & Minas, 2006, p. 15).The Swedish wellness system for people with disabilities are that national policy is plainly maintained by legislation and political understanding (Lilja et al, 2003). Swedish disability systems are organised in 3 hierarchical levels the state, the county councils and the local authorities. However, this responsibility has expired over time and the national government opinionated to place a great deal of the responsibility for earthly concern services on the local authorities (Lilja et al, 2003). In Sweden policies relating to people with disabilities is provided through integration, full donation and liveity.Ministry of Health and social affairs (2000) reported the Swedish parliament had adopted a national policy for individuals with disabilities they should have the same rights and obligations as everyone and be offered equal resources no matter where they lived (Lilja et al, 2003). While central government is to blame of legislation, general designing and distribution similarly as social insurance, authorities (municipalities) are answerable for social services, and regional government (county councils) for health care.Municipal social services additionally the health and medical services of county councils are ruled by framework legislation that specifies the framework and objectives of activities however that also affords municipalities and county councils ample chance to interpret the law and fo rm their activities in line with their own pointers People with disabilities will apply for municipal grants to change their homes.Actions like housing with surplus services for adults, or daily activities for those that are inactive and not enrolled in education are regulated by the Act regarding Support and repair for Persons with sure purposeful Impairments. County councils and municipalities are answerable for that health care help and is provided within the type of rehabilitation and habilitation. however thither has been ongoing discussion regarding shifting a number of the price from state as a full to the individual user within the type of increase the little fees some county councils and native authorities need and presumably reducing subsidies.While central government is in charge of legislation, general planning and distribution as well as social insurance, local authorities (municipalities) are responsible for social services, and regional government (county councils) f or health care. Municipal social services and the health and medical services of county councils are governed by framework legislation which specifies the framework and objectives of activities but which also affords municipalities and county councils ample opportunity to interpret the law and shape their activities according to their own guidelines (Olney & Lyle, 2011).More than 70 organisations represent specific disability groups with 2,000 local associations. These organisations receive financial backing from the state, county councils and local authorities (Bahle, 2003). High spending on disability and unemployment helps to prevent poverty and social exclusion in these groups. The local authorities and county councils together have the basic responsibility for ensuring that people with disabilities are guaranteed good health and economic and social stability, and also for enabling the individual to lead an breakaway life.People with disabilities can apply for municipal grants to modify their homes. Actions such as housing with special services for adults, or daily activities for those who are inactive and not enrolled in education are regulated by the Act Concerning Support and Service for Persons with veritable Functional Impairments. County councils and municipalities are responsible for that health care assistance and is provided in the form of rehabilitation and habilitation.But there has been ongoing discussion about shifting some of the cost from state as a whole to the individual user in the form of increasing the small fees some county councils and local authorities conduct and possibly reducing subsidies. Country by Country The form of the welfare state that emerged was The social state of Germany began in the late 19th century when Bismarck was bear on the political left would oppose his place in power, he decided to introduce welfare provision into Germany to gain support from the left (Esping-Anderson, 1998).Bismarcks basic brain was that people who were in work would pay into a scheme and this money would be distributed back to the poor (Ginsburg, 1993), he introduced the worlds first State complaisant Insurance Scheme in 1883 (Bryson, 1992). The welfare system was about the basic needfully of the state, with individuals helping themselves, the state would only intervene if it was absolutely necessary (Ginsburg, 1993). It was upon this base that Germany placed the future day of welfare provision. Between 1950 and 1970 Germanys welfare system started to take shape.Interested in individual well being, the Christian, Catholic and Trade Unionists sections of the Government were introducing policies to increase job security (George, 1996). The neo- liberal ideas of healthy market economy, individualism and democratic culture paired with the egalitarian approach to policy saw very distinctive priorities forming, of liberalism, conservative. Another manikin of how a corporatist system works in practice can be seen in the way a new insurance scheme for long term care was introduced in Germany in the mid-1990s.Time limited benefits was introduced in disability systems by the government via social insurance or social assistance programs (Mitra, 2009). The German welfare system is comprehensive and generous Social insurance lies at the heart of German social welfare. The disabled are also served by a commodious range of medical and vocational programs designed to provide them with humane living conditions. Statutory social insurance programs are responsible for meeting the various needs of their members who become disabled.In addition, government agencies at the federal, Land, and local levels seek to provide employment and help with special housing and transportation provisions. Employment of the disabled is furthered by federal legislation that requires firms employing more than fifteen persons to reserve 6 percent of positions for the disabled or to make annual compensatory payments My hypothe sis is, Germany and Sweden disability programmes have a strong history with non-profit organisations that help support provisions for the disabled stronger than Britains profit based organizations.But on the other hand a result of social policies that are too strongly oriented towards the past on the one hand and sustainable conservative family patterns on the other, very little importance is attached to disability social policy contexts. CONCLUSION There is no longer a distinction between Germanys contribution-based and Britains tax-based funding of welfare state programs, but in practice these two models have come together, as most social-insurance schemes are funded by a mixture of employer/employee contributions and grants from general state incomes.Contribution-based schemes, which are funded and administered independent of the government budget and in which members have vested benefits, have in history tended to be more generous and less prone to vitiatedbacks than tax-funded schemes, which the state can cut back when tax revenues are limited or an anti welfare state political party comes to power. It is, however, important to stress that there are sizeable differences between the lives of disabled people and the type of welfare benefits across the European welfare system.The two decisive but interconnected differences consist of the amount to which the public sector takes the individual or the family as its point of departure and the degree to which disabilities is seen as a stage of life in its own right or how each individual is assessed. Welfare pluralism suggests that all welfare provisions will be provided by all the five providers in all countries in the future and less state/public responsibility. ?REFERENCES Bahle, T. (2003) The changing institutionalization of social services in England and Wales, France and Germany is the welfare state on the retreat? , Journal of European Social Policy, 13(5), pp. 5-20 Bergmark, A. and Minas, R. Rescaling S ocial Welfare Policies in Sweden Institute for Future Studies Online. 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